Slip and Fall Injuries
Slip and fall injuries are, as the name implies, injuries that occur when an individual slips (usually on something or as a result of a dangerous condition) and falls. A common slip and fall case involves a plaintiff who is a customer in a grocery store and who slips and falls on something that has fallen on the floor. The fall causes injuries, such as bruising or broken bones and the plaintiff seeks to hold the store liable. Although the first reaction might be to conclude that the store is liable for the injury, the result is not always so clear. A store, like any owner or possessor real property, has a duty to exercise reasonable care to maintain the premises to protect visitors. However, a customer must also use reasonable precautions to protect himself or herself against the injury.
If a condition on a floor, such as a puddle of milk, is noticed by the customer (or should be readily apparent to the customer) then the customer may not be successful in suing the store for his or her injuries. Similarly, if a plaintiff who is injured after tripping over a raised sidewalk grate later acknowledges that they were aware of the condition, having passed by it every day for the past four months and having made comment about it, the chance of a successful recovery is diminished. In those cases, the courts find that the plaintiff had a duty to protect himself or herself against the injury. In other words, a plaintiff cannot knowingly step into the puddle of milk, fall and break his ankle, and then successfully sue the store.
The plaintiff in a slip and fall case, whether it occurs in a grocery store or elsewhere, must prove that the cause of the injury was a condition that could have been discovered by a reasonable inspection. The condition may be one that was created by another individual or by natural conditions such as a snowstorm. Generally, an owner of property is afforded a reasonable period of time in which to discover a dangerous condition and to remove it. The determination of what constitutes a reasonable time will vary from case to case. For example, if there is a spill of motor oil in the aisle of an auto supply store, the store may be liable if its employees knowingly walk past the spill a number of times without cleaning it up, prior to the plaintiff slipping and falling in the puddle. However, if the spill occurred moments before the plaintiff fell, and before any store employee or manager could reasonably be made aware of the spill, finding the store liable may be more difficult. Because plaintiffs must prove that the condition should have been discovered by the landowner, slip and fall cases often require plaintiffs and their attorneys to collect facts such as determining whether a store has a set of policies for cleaning up spills, and to obtain statements from employees and managers of the store who may have noticed the spill and failed to clean it up.
Injury Facts & Figures
The federal government's National Center for Injury Prevention and Control keeps track of injury statistics. Here are some of the Center's details about injury in the United States.
- Every year, more than 90,000 people die in the United States as a result of unintentional injuries.
- Accidental injuries result in about 31 million emergency room visits each year.
- Every year, about a quarter of all children sustain an injury serious enough to require medical attention, school absences, and/or bed rest.
- Motor Vehicle Accidents are the leading cause of injury-related deaths in the United States for people ages one to thirty-four.
- Falls are the leading cause of injury-related deaths in older Americans. One out of every three people age sixty-five and over falls each year.
- Falls are also the leading cause of non-fatal injuries to children up to fourteen years of age, accounting for an estimated 2.5 million emergency visits annually.
- Drowning is the second leading cause of injury-related deaths in children ages one to fourteen.
- In 2002, nearly 13,000 people 65 and older died from fall-related injuries, according to a recent CDC report. More than 60 percent of the people who died from falls were 75 or older.
- In the United States, bicycle accidents injured more than a half-million people every year, killing more than 700 in 2004.
- About 600,000 people are treated in emergency rooms every year for bicycle-related injuries.
- Someone in the United States seeks medical attention for a dog bite every forty seconds.
- Playground accidents result in about 200,000 emergency visits every year-that's one injury every 2 1/2 minutes.
- According to the National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, in 2004 about 1.4 million drivers were arrested for allegedly being under the influence of alcohol or drugs.
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